I'm reading the novels in the
Dune series right now. The first novel, titled
Dune, is considered one of the greatest science fiction novels of all time. Its author, Frank Herbert, wrote five sequels to
Dune and then his son Brian wrote six prequels. So far I've read the first two books in the series and am in the middle of the third. The original
Dune novel is set thousands of years in the future, when humans have colonized numerous planets around the universe. Each planet is ruled by a noble familiy, which are collectively referred to as the Great Houses. The novel begins as one of those families, the
House Atreides, is being forced to moved from its home planet of
Caladan to take over rulership of the desert planet
Arrakis, commonly referred to as Dune. While Arrakis is in nearly every respect a desolate wasteland, it is the most valuable planet in the universe because it is the sole source of the addictive spice-drug
melange, which can enhance the mental abilities of its users. Despite the value of the planet, the Atreides' forced move is not a gift. Rather, they are being set up by the
Emperor Shaddam IV to be ambushed by the departing rulers of Arrakis, the
Harkonnens. The novel follows the Atreides, consisting of Duke Leto Atreides, his concubine Jessica, who is a member of the secretive female sect known as the
Bene Gesserit, and their son Paul, as they try to negotiate taking over the rulership of Dune while avoiding the impending ambush, which they have already anticipated. The universe of
Dune is filled with politics and metaphysics. Advanced computers have been outlawed because of a long ago event known as the
Butlerian Jihad. The function of computers is done by human beings known as
Mentats, thinking machines who have trained their brains to mimic computers. The aforementioned mysterious female sect known as the Bene Gesserit is one of the most powerful political entities in the universe. They subtly manipulate the Great Houses while undertaking a massive breeding program with the ultimate goal of breeding a male Bene Gesserit, known as the
Kwisatz Haderach, who will take over rulership of the universe. Females who have undergone Bene Gesserit training have numerous abilities. Among these are the ability to use their minds to control functions of their body, such as determining the sex of their children. They also can use their voice to exercise mind control over other people, and they have trained their observational and analytical abilities so that they can read people's thoughts and emotions through nearly imperceptible facial, body language, and vocal clues. At the time that the novel opens, Paul Atreides has received extensive Bene Gesserit training from his mother, and by novel's end he uses that training along with enhanced mental abilities brought out by the melange spice of Arrakis, namely prescience, to defeat the combined armies of the Harkonnens and the Emperor.
I'm somewhat surprised that Dune hasn't received more prominence in our post 9/11 society. The novel, written in 1965, takes much of its source material from Middle East societies. The natives of the planet Dune are a fierce nomadic people known as Fremen, who are part of the Zensunni religious sect, which is, as the name implies, a combination of Zen Buddhism and Sunni Islam. The Fremen are known as being ungovernable savages, constantly staging guerilla attacks on the Harkonnen army. Fremen religious mythology holds that a messiah known as the Lisan al-Gaib will come to free the Fremen from their imperial rulers. Also an interesting parallel with the modern Middle East is that Dune is a desolate and despised world except for its indispensible natural resource, the spice melange, which is easily seen as the equivalent of oil in the Middle East. When the Fremen join with Paul Atreides and gain their independence, they begin a universe-wide "jihad" (this is the word used in the books) which results in the death of billions of people.
I don't enjoy reading the Dune books, but they are intriguing, and they build such a rich universe (a thousand times richer than the Lord of the Rings universe in my opinion) that they are an interesting read even if they're not exactly enjoyable. One of my biggest problems with the books is that the characters are rather two-dimensional. Paul Atreides, who is the central character in the first two books, quickly moves from being a typical teenager at the beginning of the first book to being some moony unknowable demigod figure. And to the extent that his character comes out, it is in whining about the burden of having special powers and being a ruler and on and on. It's not unreasonable that someone in his situation would lament his troubles, but it's a tedious read. The morality of the book is also somewhat troublesome. Frank Herbert said that one of his intentions in writing Dune was to illustrate the problem with heroes. Even when they have good intentions, heroes inevitably create destruction with the power they are given. It's hard not to see Paul Atreides and the Fremen as sympathetic figures in the books, but at the same time these seemingly sympathetic characters kill and brutalize innocents to retain power while forming a grand religious cult to indoctrinate the Empire into viewing Paul as not just a leader, but a messiah. It's troublesome. Few of the things they do are commendable, but without Paul and his Fremen compatriots, it's difficult to find anybody in the novels to root for.